Save your natural tooth with the right treatment.
Root canal treatment can help treat an infected or inflamed tooth pulp, relieve infection-related discomfort, and preserve the natural tooth when clinically appropriate.
What is root canal treatment?
A root canal is a dental procedure used to treat a tooth when the pulp—the soft tissue containing nerves and blood vessels inside the tooth—becomes inflamed or infected.
Without appropriate treatment, infection may spread beyond the tooth and can lead to an abscess. A dentist evaluates the tooth, usually with a clinical examination and dental X-rays when indicated, before deciding whether root canal treatment is appropriate.
- ✓Helps remove infected or inflamed pulp from inside the tooth.
- ✓Cleans and seals the root canals to reduce the risk of reinfection.
- ✓Can preserve a natural tooth that might otherwise require extraction.
Common causes of pulp damage
Root canal treatment is generally considered when the pulp has become irreversibly inflamed or infected. Common causes include:
Deep decay
Advanced tooth decay can progress through the enamel and dentin and reach the pulp.
Dental trauma
An injury can damage the pulp and may lead to inflammation or infection.
Cracks or fractures
A crack can allow bacteria to reach the inner part of the tooth.
Repeated procedures
Multiple procedures on the same tooth can sometimes contribute to pulp irritation or damage.
Start with a proper consultation.
Persistent tooth pain or sensitivity deserves a professional assessment. Depending on your symptoms, your dentist may examine the tooth, test its response and take an X-ray to understand what is happening below the surface.
- ✓Persistent or recurring toothache
- ✓Prolonged sensitivity to hot or cold
- ✓Swelling or tenderness around the tooth
- ✓Tooth discoloration or pain while biting
What happens during a root canal?
The exact treatment plan depends on the tooth and the condition of the infection. A typical root canal involves these stages:
Numbing
Local anesthesia is used to numb the tooth and surrounding area.
Access
A small opening is made in the crown to reach the pulp chamber.
Cleaning
Inflamed or infected pulp is removed and the canals are cleaned and shaped.
Sealing
The prepared canals are filled with a biocompatible material such as gutta-percha.
Restoration
The access is sealed; a crown may be recommended to protect a weakened tooth.
Simple aftercare can support healing.
Avoid chewing hard foods on the treated side until your dentist confirms the tooth is ready for normal use.
If medication is prescribed, follow your dentist’s instructions. Antibiotics are not routinely needed for every root canal.
Continue brushing and flossing carefully to maintain healthy teeth and gums.
Return for the recommended review and final restoration, such as a crown, when advised.
Why preserving the natural tooth matters
Helps address infection
The procedure removes diseased pulp and cleans the internal root canal system.
Preserves the tooth
When successful, treatment allows the natural tooth to remain instead of being extracted.
Restores function
After the tooth is properly restored, it can generally return to normal biting and chewing function.
Have persistent tooth pain?
Don’t wait for symptoms to become more disruptive. Schedule an examination so the cause can be identified and treatment options explained.
Root canal treatment
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Questions patients often ask
Is root canal treatment permanent?
A properly treated and restored tooth can last for many years. Longevity depends on factors including the quality of the treatment and restoration, oral hygiene, bite forces and ongoing dental care.
How long does a root canal procedure take?
Timing varies according to the tooth, the number of canals, the extent of infection and the treatment plan. Your dentist can give you a more specific estimate after examining the tooth.
Is root canal treatment painful?
Local anesthesia is used to numb the area during treatment. Some tenderness or sensitivity can occur afterward, but your dentist can advise you on appropriate aftercare and pain management.
Will I need a crown after a root canal?
Sometimes. A crown may be recommended when the remaining tooth structure needs additional protection, particularly for teeth exposed to significant chewing forces.
Other dental treatments
Do you need a root canal evaluation?
Schedule a consultation to discuss your symptoms and treatment options with the dental team.